Isabella I, Queen of Castile and León, was a proponent of education, establishing lasting institutions of higher learning, a patron of scholars and artists, and an enthusiastic sponsor of exploratory expeditions, including Christopher Columbus' voyage to the New World. She possessed a great military mind, and was integral in the retaking of Grenada, thus sealing the Reconquista. With her husband, Ferdinand, she ruled with equal authority and power, unifying Spain and laying the foundations of the Spanish Empire.

HER PERFUME
Red carnation, red roses, Spanish cedar, velvet musk, pomegranate, clove, and incense.

HER BATH
Frankincense, benzoin, carnation, and balsam of Peru.

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